Reindeer in the Altai (from the previously published)

"Motorostroitel" from 14.02.1978g.

A.Poznyakov

Full member of the Geographical Society of the USSR,

Заслуженный работник культуры РФ

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Немного истории

На Алтае охоте придавалось большое значение и особенно у северных алтайцев. According to archaeological excavations can be concluded for any animal hunted, в частности, reindeer (contemporary of the mammoth and the woolly rhinoceros), who brought in the Altai. This same material gives an indication of the antiquity and continuity of hunting in the Altai Mountains and its foothills. Hunters annually in honor of the beasts feast. Северные алтайцы каждый раз перед охотой рассказывали сказки и даже специально на охоту приглашали сказочника. Сказки рассказывались про зверей и охотников, thereby paying tribute to "owners" of the taiga (spirit), are "rewarded" for this beast hunters. According to the old tradition of the mountains hosts love to hear tales. Heard, they disregard their "cattle" – its taiga animals, and the latest prey of the hunter. Considered, also, home team, when they like a fairy tale. Bestow this beast hunter. On this occasion, they took with them to fish storyteller , and who received an equal share of the total production.

If the hunter was unsuccessful, he made himself tune "Shore" (musical instrument) dyagelya around and played the Ney in the taiga. Hearing this game, "Owners" of the taiga like the hunting camp to listen to music. Some hunters became great musicians, as mentioned in one of the fairy tales. "When a hunter night played topshur (as a Russian balalaika) and the tale told, then standing on the stars in the sky to the ground approaching, standing in the sky to the ground nestles month. Raging wind died down in the taiga. Animals and birds, Young throwing, out of the taiga. Old men weeping.

You can learn from fairy tales, how to behave in the taiga hunters.

Человек, seeing deer trail (in winter), dropped everything to himself superfluous, and one stick began to chase deer. The chase continued until exhaustion animal, Hunter and then kill him with a knife. На оленей охотились и коллективно с загородями. Охотники говорили, что при подкрадывании к оленю нужно было всё время держаться направления головы оленя. Так, to account for him "between the eyes", then the beast has not seen the hunter and keep away, if you approach him on the leeward side. Reindeer is a desirable target for hunters. Ego shutters, horns, meat and tendons found application in agriculture.

Entourage mountains

In Altai reindeer was made by the right bank of the river and the Teles Chulyshman lake and river basin. Cygnus. Now here it can not be found. But reindeer constantly kept in the "Col taiga" (headwater Big Abakan).Dissemination of deer due to the placement Jagel. Reindeer in the Altai inhabitants belongs to the group of mountain ranges, takes, главным образом, alpine zone of 2000 m and up. Unlike other ungulates. Deer food consists mainly of lichens, why he chooses these places. Significant role played by the foraging. Reindeer moss found not all loaches Altai. Most of them are located on the barren mountains mountain unit, from which originates river B.Abakan, Chulcha and other.

In the winter time, when the deer are moving almost exclusively to food moss, important is the nature of snow cover. Moss under deep dense snow unavailable for deer, and places with plenty of food, but the poor conditions of his obtaining become uninhabitable deer in winter. Therefore, deer migrate to loaches. In the summer deer, more than other animals suffer from heat and insect bites. In the heat of the day tends to deer snow spots on the loach, where he is resting quietly. Pinnacles area, so-called "Kol-Taiga", comfortable habitat for deer also because, predator that is difficult to find, т.к. very far from his remarks.

So what is called the "Col taiga"?

Abakan Ridge is the watershed ridge, while the boundary between the Altai and Khakassia, and the same area is the border of the Altai State Reserve. Between peculiar sharp peaks of the range there are many lakes, of which rivers originate, but some rivers flow towards the Altai, others in Khakassia. In small ridge saddles are such lakes, from which follow immediately two rivers in different directions. On the slopes of many vertices lies throughout the summer spots packed snow. And when you stand on top of a, it opens an unusual sight. All these irregular ridge crests, with patches of snow and ground Lakes, resemble the vast sea, frozen in the midst of the storm. Greatness picture attached clouds, strongly twisted and through which the sun casts a shadow spots. No wonder the forest dwellers part Abakan Range called "Kol-Taiga", что в переводе с алтайского означает «Коль» – озеро, море, «тайга» – гольцы, высокие горы.

Но и в этих местах встреча с северным оленем не всегда возможна. Reindeer in the Altai considered relict animals. Corporal worker ohotovedu V.A. Shilov managed to meet only a trace of the animal, and the author of these lines much more fortunate.

I was a member of the botanical expedition, conducted by scientists of the reserve. Led expedition L.D.Marina. The aim of the expedition was to study the alpine flora of the river basin and its tributaries Kokshov Kotagach, Dyryah, Tuzaktu. Вот здесь я и увидел незабываемую панораму Абаканского хребта и здесь же у нас произошла встреча с северным оленем. Нужно только представить наше волнение, когда затаив дыхание, we sneak up on the rocks on a completely open space for animals, to get a precious picture. Lesnik G.L. Krasnikova vёl kynosъёmku. Photography and cinema were all hunting weapons. Some deer managed to sneak 10-30 meters. Total we met 13 deer. Most of all we liked the handsome-stags.

At one point we saw an interesting picture. Small herd of deer calmly rested on the snow, and close, казалось, More relaxed bear ate grass. All this happened on the side of the ridge on a completely open space. And animals do not notice each other or pretended, they care presence of one of these. Such a phenomenon, we again met, Only this time, instead of deer were deer. И каждый раз, желая получить снимок, нам приходилось так подкрадываться, чтобы оказаться между двумя этими видами животных и не быть замеченными. Расстояние в 100 m we had to overcome the clock.

Our efforts were not in vain - our luggage added an interesting movie- and photographic material.