THE QUESTION OF TEACHING basis of religious cultures and secular ethics in high school

UDC 373.167.1:21

An educational institution, planning their work, as one of the main components includes a section “Spiritual and moral education”, that defined the modern Russian legislation as one of the main objectives of educational content. In terms of spiritual and moral education, each school has its own flavor: in one direction this sport, another – Research, but the single, defining the problem – formation of conscious moral philosophy graduates. For, to this problem was solved more effectively in the learning process DU introduced a course “Basics of religious cultures and secular ethics” On behalf of President and Prime Minister of the Order. For most teachers Altai Krai this course - a new and yet incomprehensible thing. But some DD, including school № 9 g.Novoaltayska familiar with this issue firsthand. We have one of the modules ORKSE (а именно, "Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture") enlarged (compared with ORKSE) variant being ten years. Our experience allows us to answer some important questions, which appeared in the parents and colleagues, who will teach the subject with 01.09.2012g.

These questions were asked and the author years 10 back.

FIRST QUESTION,

Is it too early? This material should be given in high, possible in high school.

No sooner – this is exactly. Здесь, at the time, Ask a Question: "Is not it too late to?"In a sense, the fourth graders will have to retrain, т.к. many moral concepts have been formed, and often, already appeared persistent unhealthy culture phenomena of youth subcultures. Not only fourth graders – many first graders have an idea about the world, leaving only pity them. Allow myself to illustrate this example. Everyone knows the meaning of the word "friends" in the dictionaries will read: "Make friends – feel affection for each other, trust, rely on one another ". Между тем, Teens seven or fourteen offended, If this word is called the relationship between the children of the same sex. They put him in a different meaning: "Make friends - it, is, "Experiencing same-sex love". The concept of "friendship" was changed to "communicate". The concept of "love" now equals the concept of "sex". Just something a few words, but as they clearly indicate the ideological disease of modern youth. Orthodox culture - the best cure for these diseases.

SECOND QUESTION.

Whether it is necessary to introduce a new course, тем более, religious, although culturological, basis?

Many educators argue that view so, that developed many secular programs, including copyrights, on moral and ethical education, which have long been tested, time tested, whether even "reinvent the wheel"? It can respond so: these programs really tested time and proven to be ineffective. Order of the Government of ORKSE appeared why. Besides, некоторые воспитательные инновации последних лет не просто несостоятельны – вредны! Например, выдержки из подобной программы: «Тематический кл.час в 11 классе. ТЕМА: «Институт брака. Пробный, гражданский, official marriage. OBJECTIVE: Students explain the main differences between civil, official and trial marriages. "Comments, как говорится, unnecessary. Educator, part of the program, not even aware, that civil marriage - this is the official; what is a "trial" – mystery and author

Another program another teacher and another OS. "Hour of free communication – 6 class. ТЕМА: "Traditional (!!!) holiday "Day of St.. Valentine, Valentine's Day. (Well as, разумеется , Valentine's Day – it's a good old Russian tradition, – comment author.) OBJECTIVE: To form the pupils of the ability to properly and cultural congratulate those, who to feel affection " (than no bridge to the new meaning of the word "friends"? – comment author.)

Consequences of such programs and will need to fix the new rate. Thanks to him, the students need to learn, that no division on marriage and civil trial does not exist. As, properly, and there is a holiday called "Valentine's Day". As for the religious component of the course, so it is impossible to forget, что, во-первых, Russia's traditional religions deservedly included in basic national values. А, во-вторых, ORKSE must solve several problems, the most difficult of which is the development of ideas of the younger teenager about the importance of standards and values ​​for a decent life personality, family, общества. In other words - not just form the younger teenager moral norms, but, point, convince him, that compliance with these standards is vital to himself, that this should be the meaning of life. In this case, only religious culture can clearly explain to the person, why it is beneficial to treat your neighbor as yourself.

Yes, and the content itself is the moral norm of religious culture becomes amorphous and confusing. What is in the principle of "moral norm"? This is actually the criterion for distinguishing between good and evil. But good and evil are understood differently by different people and different periods. Where can I get a universal and unconditional moral and immoral definition? What is regarded as a necessary starting point in educating? Only in cultural tradition, formed religion. Only by relying on the commandments - laws, believes that a person sent by God, and therefore indisputable - Meryl measure, Criteria Criteria. Supporters irreligious "secular ethics" object: нельзя, мол, refer to the installation of the Holy Scriptures. Это H is t o l a r a n t n o! Однако, anyway, but irreligious secular ethics emerged from experienced and reinterpreted religious(!!!) Truths, and morality in principle also has roots in Scripture.

THIRD QUESTION.

What a strange course? Only in the fourth grade. Not whether it will be a waste of time. He has no prospects.

At the junction of the two stages of learning – junior and middle managers (and this is the fourth class ) student only receives a boost to meditation, learning a new subject, and the cause of his parents and teachers continue to lead in the way teen, which will outline ORKSE. Современная школа имеет для этого множество способов: факультативные и элективные курсы, кружковая работа, интегрированные занятия, new and very interesting initiative - "School of responsible parenthood", activities of the class teacher.

DU, безусловно, able to provide their own perspectives COURSE. Moreover, school itself may be futile, if the rate ORSKE not go beyond the fourth year and can not find reflection in the whole system of educational work of the school, which should be changed in accordance with the direction, which defines a new training course. In the light of religious values ​​Russians should build programs headteachers, a series of entertaining and creative activities, research cycles. Parenting becomes only effective and successful, when the cornerstone deliver spiritual traditions , promoted ORKSE. This will be the prospect of a new course.

FOURTH QUESTION.

And what module should be selected?

Summing up after a decade of harrowing experiences of teaching the basics of Orthodox culture, I want to say – experience of school № 9 g. Novoaltaysk (as the experience of many other countries Shelter) доказал безусловную эффективность изучения предметов цикла “ДУХОВНО-НРАВСТВЕННАЯ культура” или, как принято нынче называть, ORKSE. But here in the evaluation of modules I can not be absolutely impartial and yet venture to say, Altai that really can only be effective module "Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture". Not least because, that before educators defined task: foster citizen, who identify themselves as Russians (!!!). And how do you, dear teachers, going to do it without studying the Orthodox Culture, which rose and all that, what we call Russia? This fourth question and parents, and teachers should only give the correct answer, otherwise it may disappear very powerful concept of "Russian".

Received redaktsiyu15.06.12